Geometry of the Universe
The amount of dark matter and energy in the universe plays a crucial role in determining the geometry of space. The density of matter and energy plays a crucial role in determining the geometry of space. If the universe is less than the critical density, then space is open and negatively curved like the surface of a saddle. If the density exactly equals the critical density, then space is flat like a sheet of paper. If the density is greater than critical density, then space is closed and positively curved like the surface of a sphere. The Inflationary Theory, an extension of the Big Bang theory, predicts that density is very close to the critical density, producing a flat universe, like a sheet of paper.
See the the Universe and Geometry sections for more on this subject.
Credit: NASA / WMAP Science Team
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